The amount of heat required to cause a unit increase in temperature in a unit mass of a substance, expressed as numerically equal to the number of calories needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree c.

The pumping of a substance such as oil into an interval in the well.

1.

The process of raising the drill stem out of the wellbore when the well is shut in on a kick.

2.

The process of removing tubing from the well under pressure.

The old term for a mud pit.

See mud pit.

A device used to suspend a rod string after the pump has been spaced or when the weight of the rod string must be taken off the pumping equipment.

A sliding-sleeve ported casing section used in stage cementing.

A soluble compound that concentrates on the surface boundary between two substances such as oil and water and reduces the surface tension between the substances.

The use of surfactants permits the thorough surface contact or mixing of substances that ordinarily remain separate.

Surfactants are used in the petroleum industry as additives to drilling mud and to water during chemical flooding.

See micellar-polymer flooding; surfactant mud

A cementing repair technique involving injecting cementing under pressure to fill channels in the primary cementing treatment.

1.

A well nearing depletion that produces a very small amount of oil or gas, usually ten barrels per day or less.

2.

A stripper head.

3.

A column wherein absorbed constituents are stripped from absorption off.

The term is applicable to columns using a stripping medium, such as steam or gas.

A centralizer with a rigid, solid body with straight or curved veins that hold the pipe off the wall and allow flow.

Used in deviated wells and with heavy pipe strings.

Highly absorbent, gelatinous form of silica used chiefly as a dehumidifying and dehydrating agent.

A small attachment on the rod-transfer equipment that picks up the rods after they are unscrewed from the string and then transfers them to the rod hanger, or reverses the procedure when going into the hole.

See rod-transfer equipment.

An offshore drilling rig, usually with a large hull.

It has a mat or legs that are lowered to the sea-floor and a main deck that is raised above the surface of the water to a distance where it will not be affected by the waves.

Also called a jackup drilling rig.

See trip margin

1.

To force pipe or tools into a high-pressure well that has not been killed (i.e., to run pipe or tools into the well against pressure when the weight of pipe is not great enough to force the pipe through the bops).

Snubbing usually requires an array of wireline bocks and wire rope that forces the pipe or tools into the well through a stripper head or blowout preventer until the weight of the string is sufficient to overcome the lifting effect of the well pressure on the pipe in the preventer.

In workover operations, snubbing is usually accomplished by using hydraulic power to force the pipe through the stripping head or blowout preventer.

2.

To tie up short with a line.