Oil & Gas Terms in Category S

Stb

Abbr.

Stock tank barrel.

Steam flood

A tertiary oil recovery method involving injection of steam into the reservoir to reduce the oil viscosity.

Sonic log

A type of acoustic log that records the travel time of sounds through objects, cement, or formation rocks.

Often used to determine whether voids exist in the cement behind the casing in a wellbore.

Sour corrosion

Embrittlement and subsequent wearing away of metal caused by contact of the metal with hydrogen sulfide.

Spool

The drawworks drum.

Also a casinghead or drilling spool.; to wind around a drum

Shot hole (completions)

A wellbore where an explosive such as nitroglycerin has been exploded.

Sonic logging

See acoustic well logging.

Scratcher

A device that is fastened to the outside of casing to remove mud cake from the wall of a hole to condition the hole for cementing.

By rotating or moving the casing string up and down as it is being run into the hole, the scratcher, formed of stiff wire, removes the cake so that the cement can bond solidly to the formation.

Seal units

Extensions of the producing string with seals to travel within a packer bore and/or extensions.

Slug the pipe

To pump a quantity of heavy mud into the drill pipe.

Before hoisting drill pipe, it is desirable (if possible) to pump into its top section a quantity of heavy mud (a slug) that causes the level of the fluid to remain below the rig floor so that the crew members and the rig floor are not contaminated with the fluid when stands are broken out.

Sidetrack

To use a whipstock, turbodrill, or other mud motor to drill around broken drill pipe or casing that has become lodged permanently in the hole.

Safety release

An emergency mechanism component enabling the retrieval of a packer (or tubing) if stuck.

Sweet crude oil

Oil containing little or no sulfur, especially little or no hydrogen sulfide.

Slip velocity

1.

The rate at which drilled solids tend to settle in the borehole as a well is being drilled.

2.

Difference between the annular velocity of the fluid and the rate at which a cutting is removed from the hole.

Swab

To reduce pressure in a wellbore by moving pipe, wireline tools or rubber-cupped seals up the wellbore.

If the pressure is reduced sufficiently, reservoir fluids may flow into the wellbore and towards the surface.

Swabbing is generally considered harmful in drilling operations, because it can lead to kicks and wellbore stability problems.

In production operations, however, the term is used to describe how the flow of reservoir hydrocarbons is initiated in some completed wells.

antonym: surge.