Oil & Gas Terms in Category D

Double

Two lengths or joints of pipe joined together.

Distillation

The process of driving off gas or vapor from liquids or solids, usually by heating, and condensing the vapor back to liquid to purify, fractionate, or form new products.

Drag bit

Any of a variety of drilling bits that have no moving parts.

As they are rotated on bottom, elements of the bit make hole by being pressed into the formation and being dragged across it.

See fishtail bit.

Direct-reading viscometer

Commonly called a “v-g meter.” the instrument is a rotational-type device powered by means of an electric motor or handcrank, and is used to determine the apparent viscosity, plastic viscosity, yield point, and gel strengths (all of which see) of drilling fluids.

The usual speeds are 600 and 300 revolutions per minute.

See api rp13b for operational procedures.

Also see direct-indicating viscometer.

Drift

1.

An ocean current’s speed of motion.

2.

An observed change, usually uncontrolled, in meter performance, meter factor, etc., that occurs over a period of time.

v:1.

To move slowly out of alignment, off center, or out of register.

2.

Gauge or measure pipe by means of a mandrel passed through it to ensure the passage of tools, pumps, and so on.

Diverter

A device used to direct fluid flowing from a well away from the drilling rig.

When a kick is encountered at shallow depths, the well often cannot be shut in safely; therefore, a diverter is used to allow the well to flow through a side outlet (a diverter line).

Donkey pump

Any little pump; used for many kinds of small temporary pumping operations.

Depthometer

A device used to measure the depth of a well or the depth at a specific point in a well (such as to the top of a liner or to a fish) by counting the turns of a calibrated wheel rolling on a wireline as it is lowered into or pulled out of the well.

Dilatant fluid

A dilatant, or inverted plastic, fluid is usually made up of a high concentration of well-dispersed solids that exhibits a nonlinear consistency curve passing through the origin.

The apparent viscosity increases instantaneously with increasing rate of share.

The yield point, as determined by conventional calculations from the direct-indicating viscometer readings, is negative; however, the true yield point is zero.

Depletion

A deduction allowed in computing the taxable income from oil and gas wells.

Direct-indicating viscometer

Commonly called a “v-g meter.” a rotational device powered by means of an electric motor or handcrank.

Used to determine the apparent viscosity, plastic viscosity, yield point, and gel strengths of drilling fluids.

See direct-reading viscometer

Development well

1.

A well drilled in proven territory in a field to complete a pattern of production.

2.

An exploitation well.

See exploitation well.

Diatomaceous earth

An earthy deposit made up of the siliceous cell walls of one-celled marine algae called diatoms.

It is used as an admixture for cement to produce a low-density slurry.

Differential displacing valve

A special-purpose valve used to facilitate spacing out and ranging up the well, run in on the tubing string.

Die

N.

A tool used to shape, form, or finish other tools or pieces of metal.

For example, a threading die is used to cut threads on pipe.