any cementing operation after the primary cementing operation. Secondary cementing includes a plug-back job, in which a plug of cement is positioned at a specific point in the well and allowed to set. Wells are plugged to shut off bottom water or to reduce the depth of the well for other reasons.

May also be called a Jet Basket: a device with nozzles and a basket or catch basin to catch smaller pieces of junk stirred up by circulation.

a cylindrical bar, spindle, or shaft around which other parts are arranged or attached or that fits inside a cylinder or tube.

a clamp used to hold the rod string in pumping position when the well is in the final stages of being put back on the pump.

single, homogenous liquid, solid, or gas phase that is a mixture in which the components (liquid, gas, solid, or combinations thereof) are uniformly distributed throughout the mixture. In a solution, the dissolved substance is called the solute; the substance in which the solute is dissolved is called the solvent.

a device used to control the rate of flow in a line to open or shut off a line completely, or to serve as an automatic or semiautomatic safety device. Those used extensively include the check valve, gate valve, globe valve, needle valve, plug valve, and pressure relief valve.

1. a pipe connection around a valve or other control mechanism that is installed to permit passage of fluid through the line while adjustments or repairs are being made on the control.
2. a delivery of gas to a customer by means of a pipeline other than that customer’s traditional supplier. For example, delivery of gas to an end user directly off a transmission pipeline without moving the gas through the end user’s traditional local distribution company supplier.

any chemical that prevents of lessens frothing or foaming in another agent.