Authorization, usually granted by a governmental conservation agency, to drill a well.

A permit is sometimes also required for deepening or remedial work.

The reservoir drive mechanism in which oil is produced by the expansion of the underlying water and rock, which forces the oil into the wellbore.

In general, there are two types of water drive: bottom-water drive, in which the oil is totally underlain by water; and edgewater drive, in which only a portion of the oil is in contact with the water.

Shorter chain hydrocarbon liquids, generally after refining.

A periodic vibrational disturbance in which energy is propagated through or on the surface of a medium without translation of the material.

Waves can be differentiated by their frequency, amplitude, wavelength and speed of propagation.

See weevils.

A string of pipe used in workover of well-servicing operations; not typically considered as production tubing.

The string of drill pipe or tubing suspended in a well to which is attached a special tool or device that is used to carry out a certain task, such as squeeze cementing or fishing.

The string of drill pipe tubing suspended in a well to which is attached a special tool or device that is used to carry out a certain task, as squeeze cementing or fishing.

Abbreviation: water-oil-gas

Any type of fluid used in the workover operation of a well.

See completion fluid.

A manually operated ram preventer especially adapted for closure around a wireline.

Preventers installed on top of the well or drill string as a precautionary measure while running wirelines.

The preventer packing will close around the wireline.

The pressure to which a particular piece of equipment is subjected during normal operations.

The wireline attached to ground anchors to provide lateral support for a mast or derrick.

A manually operated ram preventer especially adapted for closure around a wireline.