A preventer having a unit of packing material whose closure depends on well pressure coming from below.

It is used primarily to strip pipe through the hole or allow pipe to be moved with pressure on the annulus.

Homemade; something done on a shoestring basis.

A mobile submersible drilling structure consisting of a barge hull that rests on bottom, steel posts that rise from the top of the barge hull, and a deck that is built on top of the posts, well above the waterline.

It is used to drill wells in water no deeper than about 30-35 feet (9-10.7m).

Most posted barge submersibles work in inland gulfs and bays.

See submersible drilling rig.

A device that controls the rate of flow of fluid in a line or opens or shuts off the flow of fluid completely.

When open, the sealing surface of the valve is moved away from a seat; when closed, the sealing surface contacts the seat to shut off flow.

The direction of movement of the valve is usually perpendicular to the seat.

Poppet valves are used extensively as pneumatic (air) controls on drilling rigs and as intake and exhausts valves in most internal-combustion engines.

Abbr.

Proved developed non producing (reserves).

see also proved developed reserves.

See plastic fluid

To force a device called a pig through a pipeline or a flow line for the purpose of cleaning the interior walls of the pipe, separating different products, or displacing fluids.

A mixing chamber, usually in a small tank or pod that uses a rotating paddle to mix the fluid and the additives.

A volume of fluid, without proppant, injected in front of a frac job to establish frac width.

Abbr.

Prove undeveloped (reserves).

see also proved undeveloped reserves.

Isolating a cement injection site between a packer and a plug prior to squeezing.

A completion with no packer.

Common where ever gas has to be kept away from esps and rod rumps.

The point at which all costs of leasing, exploring, drilling and operating have been recovered from production of a well or wells as defined by contractual agreement.

Loss of permeability in a reservoir rock.

Often so severe that the pinch out becomes a barrier or a seal.

Produced gor = total gas (solution + free) production divided by the oil production volume.

Excludes gas lift gas.