Oil & Gas Glossary 1.0

A very soluble salt used to increase the density of water to points more than double that of water. Normally added to a system first saturated with calcium chloride.

A compound that is formed (along with water) by the reaction of an add with a base. A common salt (table salt) is sodium chloride derived by combining hydrochloric add with sodium hydroxide. The result is sodium chloride and water. Another salt is calcium sulfate, obtained when sulfuric acid is combined with calcium hydroxide.

Salt of stearic acid that is a saturated, 18-carbon fatty acid. Certain compounds, such as aluminum stearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, have been used in drilling fluids for one or more of the following purposes: defoamer, lubrication, air drilling in which a small amount of water is encountered.

Common table salt. It is sometimes used in cement slurries as an accelerator or a retarder, depending on the concentration.

A moisture-absorbing chemical compound, or desiccant used to accelerate setting times in cement and as a drying agent.

An acid compound, HCI, commonly used to acidize carbonate rocks. It is prepared by mixing hydrogen chloride gas in water. Also known as muriatic acid.

1. a drilling mud in which the water has an appreciable amount of salt (usually sodium or calcium chloride) dissolved in it. Also called saltwater mud or saline drilling fluid.

Water that has large quantity of salt, especially sodium chloride, dissolved in it, salt water.

2. substances in acid-base that, in solution, change color or become colorless as the hydrogen ion concentration reaches a definite value, these values varying with the indicator. In other titrations, such as chloride, hardness, and other determinations, these substances change color at the end of the reaction. Common indicators are phenolphthalein, and potassium chromate.

A substance capable of reacting with an acid to form a salt. A typical base is sodium hydroxide (caustic), with the chemical formula MOH. For example, sodium hydroxide combines with hydrochloric acid to form sodium chloride (a salt) and water.

A slurry of portland cement and water and sometimes one or more additives that affect either the density of the mixture or its setting time. The portland cement used may be high early strength common (standard), or slow setting. Additives include accelerators (such as calcium chloride), retarders (such as gypsum), weighting materials (such as barium sulfate), lightweight additives (such as bentonite), or a variety of lost circulation materials (such as mica flakes).