Density of one rock relative to another. the contrast can be positive or negative. gravity anomalies within sedimentary sections can be analyzed as structural or lithologic anomalies.

1. the ratio of the weight of a given volume of a substance at a given temperature to the weight of an equal volume of a standard substance at the same temperature. for example, if 1 cubic inch of water at 39 degrees f weighs 1 unit and 1 cubic inch of another solid or [...]

Weight per unit volume of drilling fluid usually expressed in pounds per gallon or pounds per cubic foot. see hydrostatic pressure.

The increase in bottomhole pressure expressed as an increase in pressure that occurs only when mud is being circulated. because of friction in the annulus as the mud is pumped, bottomhole pressure is slightly, but significantly, higher than when the mud is not being pumped. ecd is calculated by dividing the annular pressure loss by [...]

The mass or weight of a substance per unit volume. for instance, the density of a drilling mud may be 10 pounds per gallon (ppg), 74.8 pounds per cubic foot (lb/ft), or 1,198.2 kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3). specific gravity, relative density, and api gravity are other units of density.

1. barium sulfate; a mineral frequently used to increase the weight or density of drilling mud. its relative density is 4.2 (or 4.2 times denser than water). see barium sulfate, mud.
2. weighting material with a specific gravity of 4.37 used to increase the apparent density of a liquid drilling fluid system. barite [baso4] is the [...]

Heavy crude oil or extra heavy crude oil is any type of crude oil which does not flow easily. it is referred to as “heavy” because its density or specific gravity is higher than that of light crude oil.
heavy crude oil has been defined as any liquid petroleum with an api gravity less than [...]

A drilling mud that contains entrained formation gas, giving the mud a characteristically fluffy texture. then entrained gas in not released before the fluid returns to the well, the weight or density of the fluid column is reduced. because a large amount of gas in mud lowers its density, gas-cut mud must be treated to [...]

Ppg; a measure of the density of a fluid (such as a drilling mud).

Light crude oil is liquid petroleum that has a low density and flows freely at room temperature.
it has a low viscosity, low specific gravity and high api gravity due to the presence of a high proportion of light hydrocarbon fractions.
it generally has a low wax content. light crude oil receives a [...]

A procedure whereby the formation immediately below the casing shoe is subjected to a pressure equal to the pressure expected to be exerted later by a higher drilling glut density or by the sum of a higher drilling fluid density and back-pressure created by a kick.

A very soluble salt used to increase the density of water to points more than double that of water. normally added to a system first saturated with calcium chloride.

See relative density

In well logging: pertaining to being focused in one direction. an azimuthal, or azimuthally focused, measurement has one or more directions perpendicular to the surface of a logging tool from which it receives most of its signal. examples are the density, laterolog and microresistivity logs. recent applications include azimuthal density and gamma ray in lwd [...]

The measure of a fluid’s ability to resist flow without regards to its density. it is defined as a fluid’s kinematic viscosity multiplied by its density.