Oil & Gas Glossary 1.0

A cylindrical metal ring used to guide, and centralize, packers or tools inside casing.

A ring of wedges that supports a string of pipe or a threaded, tapered ring used for the same purpose.

A cylindrical ring, usually vise-shaped, employed to back up (or assist) a sealing member against extrusion under temperature and pressure.

A special type of flanged connection in which a metal ring (resting in a groove in he flange) serves as a pressure seal between the two flanges.

A cylindrical metal ring used to guide packers past casing obtrusions.

A conducting ring that gives current to or receives current from the brushes in a generator or motor.

Running of a gauge on tubing or slickline to verify casing dimensions.

The pressure in a vessel or container as registered on a gauge attached to the container. This reading does not include the pressure of the atmosphere outside the container.

Generically, a pressure gauge usually used in lines or manifolds. Many companies make pressure gauges. Cameron, now Cooper Oil Tools, makes many types of gauges.

An elastomer (seal) energized by pressure

A circular seal common in the oilfield; requires deformation (squeeze) to energize and seal.

An internal mechanism employed in certain tools to lock cones to the mandrel

A sealing ring on either side of the center packing element to limit its extrusion

A gauge run downhole to verify dimensions.

1.a dial gauge used on the rig to measure the hookload.

Abbreviation: pounds per square inch, gauge.

2. a hole or opening in a line or vessel into which a gauge or valve may be inserted and screwed tight.

The gauge at the driller's position that records data from the pit-level indicator.

The heaviest-wall casing section of the string, usually located just below the preventers or tree.

2. gauge or measure pipe by means of a mandrel passed through it to ensure the passage of tools, pumps, and so on.

A spring-actuated metal band or ring(ferrule) used to expand a liner patch when making casing repairs. See liner patch.

A tool used to gauge and clean junk and debris from the casing in conjunction with a junk catcher.

In a well-control operation, closing the BOP without first opening an alternate flow path up the choke line. When the BOP is closed, pressure in the annulus cannot be read on the casing pressure gauge.

A method of determining the amount of pressure that is allowed to appear on the casing pressure gauge as a kick is circulated out of a well. In general, it is determined by slowly pumping mud into the well while it is shut in and observing the pressure at which the formation begins to take mud.

Total pressure measured from an absolute vacuum. It equals the sum of the gauge pressure and the atmospheric pressure corresponding to the barometer (expressed in pounds per square inch).

An instrument that measures fluid pressure and usually registers the difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure of the fluid by indicating the effect of such pressures on a measuring element (e.g., a column of liquid, pressure in a Bourdon tube, a weighted piston, or a diaphragm).

An indicator, mounted in the mud circulating system, that measures and indicates the amount of pressure in the drill stem. See drill stem.

2. the amount of pressure indicated by a drill pipe pressure gauge when drilling fluid is being circulated by the mud pump. Pressure losses occur as the fluid is circulated.

A device to measure bottomhole pressure. See bottomhole pressure bomb.

A test that measures the reservoir pressure of the well, obtained at a specific depth or at the midpoint of the producing zone. A flowing bottomhole pressure test measures pressure while the well continues to flow; a shut-in bottomhole pressure test measures pressure after the well has been shut in for a specified period of time. See bottomhole pressure, bottomhole pressure gauge.

A device that prevents leakage along a piston, rod, propeller shaft, or other moving part that passes through a hole in a cylinder or vessel. It consists of a box or chamber made by enlarging the hole and a gland containing compressed packing. On a well being artificially lifted by means of a sucker rod pump, the polished rod operates through a stuffing box, preventing escape of oil and diverting it into a side outlet to which is connected the flow line leading to the oil and gas separator or to the field storage tank. For a bottomhole pressure test, the wireline goes through a stuffing box and lubricator, allowing the gauge to be raised and lowered against well pressure. The lubricator provides a pressure-tight grease seal in the stuffing box.